The Valle dei Calanchi, located in the province of Viterbo, is a remarkable example of a unique landscape shaped by natural erosive processes. This phenomenon has created deep furrows and clay ridges, resulting in an environment reminiscent of lunar landscapes.

Geomorphological Features of the Valle dei Calanchi

The Valle dei Calanchi is defined by its distinctive terrain, the result of millennia of erosion on clay soils. These processes have given rise to geological formations known as calanchi, which lend the valley its unmistakable character.

Formation of the Calanchi

The calanchi are formed through the combined action of climatic and geological factors. Intense rainfall, together with the clay-rich nature of the soil, promotes surface erosion, carving deep grooves and sharp ridges. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in the Valle dei Calanchi, where the lack of vegetation cover exacerbates the erosive action.

In this region, the clay formations date back to the Pliocene era, around two million years ago. The presence of clay layers, combined with volcanic materials from the eruptions of the Monti Volsini complex, has contributed to creating a dynamic and ever-changing landscape.

Tourist Attractions in the Valle dei Calanchi

Within the valley, geological formations such as the “Montione” and the “Cathedral” stand out for their grandeur. These natural structures, sculpted by erosion, provide breathtaking views, particularly at sunset, when the light highlights the undulating shapes and clay towers.

Beyond its geological interest, the Valle dei Calanchi offers a range of tourist attractions, including the hilltop village of Civita di Bagnoregio, famously known as “the dying city.”

Civita di Bagnoregio

Perched on a tuff spur, Civita di Bagnoregio is accessible only via a pedestrian bridge. This isolation has preserved the medieval architecture of the village, making it a sought-after destination for visitors. Its panoramic location offers spectacular views of the Valle dei Calanchi, showcasing the contrast between the clay formations and the tuff structures of the village.

Outdoor Activities and Hiking Trails

The Valle dei Calanchi is perfect for outdoor activities such as hiking and nature photography. Numerous trails crisscross the valley, offering the chance to observe its geological formations and local flora up close.

Trails like the one starting from Lubriano lead through scenic ridges and unique clay formations, providing stunning views of the valley and Civita di Bagnoregio.

It is advisable to consult local guides or updated maps before embarking on hikes, given the unstable nature of the terrain.

Getting There

The Valle dei Calanchi is easily accessible from Rome in approximately an hour and a half by car. Following the A1 motorway north, take the exit at Orvieto and continue towards Bagnoregio. Once there, parking is available, and visitors can explore the valley and its surroundings on foot.

Practical Tips

• Clothing: Wear trekking shoes and comfortable clothing.
• Best Time to Visit: The intermediate seasons, such as spring and autumn, offer mild temperatures and vibrant colors.
• Caution: Some trails may be challenging; it is recommended to check the condition of the route before setting off.

The Valle dei Calanchi is an unmissable destination for those seeking to immerse themselves in a unique natural landscape and discover historic villages steeped in charm.